Physicists show knotted cosmic strings may have dominated the early universe before collapsing to create matter—a theory ...

Qubits differ from classical bits, which are coded as only 0 or 1. A qubit can be a combination of both 0 and 1 simultaneously. One way to think of it is as a coin spinning between a 0 and a 1 axis.

This repository aims to contain definitions and proofs of basic ideas in quantum information theory. Some major goals, in rough order of difficulty, would be ...

Anomalous” heat flow, which at first appears to violate the second law of thermodynamics, gives physicists a way to detect ...

The proof, known to be so hard that a mathematician once offered 10 martinis to whoever could figure it out, uses number ...