Researchers at New York University and the University of Chicago have developed artificial, fully synthetic cell-like structures that autonomously ingest, process, and push out material, recreating an ...

A general concept in biology is that cells use two different systems to transport substances across their membrane: selective pores, which allow passive transport driven by a concentration gradient, ...

For decades it was assumed that protein channels and protein pumps fulfilled completely different functions and worked independently of each other. Researchers have now elucidated the transport path ...

The cytosolic free calcium concentration of higher plant cells is maintained at about 0.1 μM by the action of membrane calcium transporters. These act to remove calcium from the cytosol and expel it ...

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 76, No. 11 (Nov., 1979), pp. 5529-5533 (5 pages) The phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase-mediated ...

Glucose serves as a major source of energy for metabolic processes in mammalian cells. Since polar molecules cannot be transported across the plasma membrane, carrier proteins called glucose ...